Francisco Altamirano F. - San José, Costa Rica
The production of human proteins of therapeutic interest, is carried out at the present time thanks to the use of diverse expression systems, inside which we can highlight to bacterias, yeasts and cultivations of cells mamiferas. These systems require later purification of the protein to eliminate cellular remains of the producing organism.
Most of the human proteins require of a complex modification postraduccional that allows the physiologic functionality of this, the one which alone it can be carried out in lines cellular mamiferas and in some cases only for human cells. This procedure is difficult to climb and it represents a high economic and technological cost for its production.
Before the problem of excessive production cost, he has intended the generation of proteins by means of the use of animal transgénicos that they possess the gene for the human protein of interest. Meek pampas is a cow transgénica, generated by the company Argentina Bio Sidus that produces 7 g of the hormone of the human growth approximately for liter of milk (Nature news).
We can find another alternative of production of proteins human recombinantes in a work published in the Journal of Biotechnology for Toledo, J. R., Sanchez, O., et to the. where to inclination direct transducción of the mammary epithelium for an adenovirus recombinante, the gene of the human eritropoyetina was introduced.
This model could produce high levels of the hormone, in the milk (2g/L), which became purified with yields of around 70% and with a purity of 98%, starting from a model "non transgénico". at the present time the eritropoyetina production is only obtained by means of cellular lines, for what the production in the milk brings big projections.
In spite of the good results, the efficiency of the hormone was very low, due to a low glicosilación of the protein for sour siálico, necessary to maintain a half life in the blood, to produce its effect.
The production of human proteins, in animal models, is a complex process due to the variability of modifications search traduccionales between the animal proteins and the human ones.
This directs the study to the understanding of the mechanisms of modification postraduccionales of human proteins it stops then to introduce them in animal models, either through an animal transgénico or "non trangénico."
http://www.biotecnologia.co.cr - francisco.altamirano@bioquimica.cl
