WILMER LAMBRAÑO CAÑAS - Bucaramanga, Colombia
Autonomous university of Bucaramanga - School of Social Sciences, Arts and Humanities - Social Communication - Seminar Regional Culture - Leslie Angarita-Laura Aerie - Wilmer Lambraño - Nadia Rincón
During the historical journey carried out through the periodic Liberal Vanguard about the ecology and the tourism in Zapatoca from 1975 up to 1992, we will be about reconstruir los made more relevantes de the mentioned topics.
Keeping in mind that the deforestación es the process of forest disappearance (forests) fundamentally caused by the human activity, we see that this has been uno los problemas that has been presented in the city Levítica, it is for it that from 1975 la meeting of communal action and the authorities vieron la necesidad de to create an arborización program in diferentas sectors of the area, with the purpose of developing a center pilot of development of forests in the one that you repartieron árboles for the different communal meetings of the municipality that were interested in following the programs moderables and of preservation of scarp vegetable.
At the same time the authorities of the municipality assisting the solicitudes de the zapatocas, intentaron crear a nursery by means of the Institute of Natural Resources Regionales Renovables.
At the beginning of the year of 1983 the nursery was inaugurated with diverse species that the cuáles con goes from fruit-bearing, ornamental trees and maderables the appropriate handlings you utilizaron para the program de reforestación para la basin of the gulch the supplying main Bramble of the aqueduct of Zapatoca led by the governorship.
The growing deforestation presented in this año llegó to affect the valleys hidrográficas of the sources of where takes the water of diverse municipalities of Santander like Vélez, Suaita, Oiba, Betulia, Zapatoca y Curití. At the same time the creation of biogás ovens was promoted in rural areas to diminish the pruning of bosques.
Due to the drought that registered, en Abril of 1984, the sources of supply broken Bramble and Pine of this municipality decreased and the aqueduct could not give water for more than 2 daily hours, due to this the process of arborización. was braked
A coarse reforestación realizado plan at the beginning of 1985 in combination with the agriculture secretary, was projected to sow 125 thousand trees in the births of the lands motivated by the erosion and the lack of current of water, but 22 thousand were only sowed.
In December of that year that desarrollar la reforestation was achieved in the basin of the gulch the Bramble and the birth of the gulch of Huchuval, todo was this with the end de mejorar the flows of the source of supplies of water and the haulage of the population's black waters. This work was developed in combined form by the Fund of Reforestation of Santander.
The execution of a gigantic ecological campaign announced in February of 1987 by the mayor Salvador Díaz Garzón allowed to develop a plan of reforestation of the municipality and to carry out it the different educational establishments, they created in its estudiantes conciencia about the importance of taking care of the trees for the conservation of the environment.
A plan also began in search of avoiding the possibilities of contamination of the atmosphere for the wrong treatment that are given to the garbages, for this the fumigation of the waste tóxicos. it was made
May of that same año a 8 cause of the irrational use of the natural resources, it becomes urgent the establishment and maintenance of conservation areas and protection that assure the supply of water for human consumption and agricultural activities, become also necessary the ceración of a Natural National Park that extends from Santa Lucía's Kitchen knife until the serranía of the Cowards.
Likewise, the 20 of Junio, la governorship of the city Levítica gave opening to an ecological competition between the students of fifth and sixth high school in search of elaborating a pamphlet mainly what contains the ecology looking for that the students had didactic elements on what is a tree, a nursery and the causes of the erosion.
Yto in 1992 beginning is given to the arborización of 2 natural parcels in execution of the reforestation program that advances the municipal administration, with the purpose of giving to know people that all land is recoverable and I eat example one worked in the most arid area in the municipality where 3 thousand trees were sowed.
In the second semester of the year the governorship began a project of reforestation of basins and microcuencas to impede the shortage of water in the region, for this 5 thousand plántulas was sowed and you cultivaron hierbas. Also for reasons of the deforestation in the oriental area of the municipality you creó a canalization program for the watering sectors with the purpose of creating a reservoir.
November 9 1992 were carried out in Zapatoca the first event Shop Green Town councils and Community Organizations of the Colombian Nororiente whose main objective was to impel the creation of ecological groups for the improvement of the environment.
For November 30 1992 beginning was given to the reforestation plan the which it had an economic support of $58 millions with the purpose of to achieve an integral handling to the basins hidrográficas and to protect the basins of water that they feed the aqueducts of the department, in this project they participated the secretary of agricultural development, an agreement interinstitucional among the bottom DRI and the INDERENA, además del support of the citizenship.
Due to the indiscriminate pruning of trees and the contamination of the rivers, problems of natural wealth, presented in December of 1992, the habitantes pretendieron defender la serranía ya that come off 7 rivers, 30 gulches and 140 thousand hectares of forest of her (in that entonces), “de not to find a solution the serranía desaparecería en 3 or 4 years and would enter in a sharp crisis for the lack of water for the 12 municipalities bordering”, the alcalde. assured
Also, The mayors of municipalities bordering to the serranía of the Yariguíes met December of that year 14 with the purpose of collecting funds for the setting in march of the project of conservation of the area. This project was evaluated in $23 millions to invest in the resources hídricos, the vegetable species, animals and the problems that these they confront.
After this project that it lasted one year settled down the strategies for the recovery of the Yariguíes located in the center of the department of Santander.
The following day again the 11 mayors of the municipalities located in the area of influence of the serranía of the Yariguíes you reunieron con the end of reaching an agreement on their participación económica when beginning a recovery plan of this forest reservation. The government of Santander on the other hand, together with the secretary of Waters of Environment it donated $24 millions for the recovery of the fauna and flora of the sector of the Yariguíes.
Because Zapatoca is located in the mountain the Yariguíes, the ecological resources are diverse, being given a high biodiversity level, but in turn, being presented problems that have made que este municipio se during years sees in the necessity of to look for and to plan projects for the improvement of the environment.
